Spark-arrester



(No Model.) 1 2 Sheets- Sheet 1,

H. H. WARNER.

SPARK ARRBSTBR.

No, 579,729; Patented Mar. 30, 1897.

Fl GJ- (No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet 2v H. H. WARNER. SPARK ARRESTER.

INVENTOR- Att'y.

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UNITED STATES PATENT UEETQE.

HENRY H. WVARNER, OF TACOMA, WASHINGTON.

SPARK-ARRESTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 579,729, dated March30, 1897. Application filed December 17, 1896. Serial No. 615,979. (Nomodel.)

To 00% whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY H. WARNER, of Tacoma, in the county of Pierceand State of lVashington, have invented a certain new and usefulImprovement in Spark-Arresters, of which improvement the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to spark-arresters for locomotive and other boilersin which forced draft is exerted by an exhaust-blast; and its object isto provide an apparatus of simple construction and ready applicabilityunder standard conditions by the employment of which lignite and otherlow-grade fuels, as well as fuel of superior quality, may be consumedwithout permitting the escape of sparks or cinders from the stack andwithout impairing the steaming capability of the boiler.

To this end my invention, generally stated, consists in the combinationof a steam-boiler uptake or discharge flue, a smoke-chamber connectedtherewith, a deflecting-partition by which a reversed traverse ofproducts of combustion is effected in the smoke-chamber, a spark conduitleading from the smokechamber in the direction of the initial traverseof products of combustion therein to a connection with the fire-box, andan exit flue or stack adjacent to the opposite end of the smoke-chamber.

The improvement fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view, partly in side Viewand partly in vertical longitudinal central section, of alocomotive-boiler and a spark-arrester embodying my invention; and Fig.2, a vertical transclaimed is hereinafter verse section at the line asa: of Fig. 1.

My invention is herein set forth as applied toa locomotive-boiler of theordinary wagontop type, having a fire-box 1, a cylindrical shell orwaist 2, and a smoke-box 3, connected to the shell at the opposite endthereof from the fire-box. The usual fire-tubes 4 extend from thefire-box to the smoke-box and discharge the .products of combustionthereinto, a forced draft being, as in ordinary practice, maintained inservice by the blast effected by the exhaust of steam through acontracted nozzle or nozzles 5 at the upper end of the exhaustpipe 6,through which steam is exhausted from the cylinders of the engine.

In the practice of my invention I provide an uptake or discharge flue 7,which is connected, through a suitable flange 8, to the top of thesmoke-box at the same point as the vertical stack ordinarily employed,and is preferably, as shown, rearwardly inclined, so as to impart aninitial rearward traverse to the products of combustion escaping throughit from the smoke-box. It is also, by preference, provided With anextension 9 at its lower end, which projects into the smoke-box andcauses the opening at its inner end to be substantially circular and ata right angle to its axial line. The exhaust-pipe 6 is inclined orcurved forwardly so as, at its upper discharge end, to be in lineaxially with the flue 7. The exhaust-nozzle 5 is usually located nearthe center line of the boiler, and a lift or petticoat pipe 10 isinterposed between it and the lower end of the flue 7. The smoke-boxfront, or the door thereof, is suitably dished or projected outwardly toafford space for the inclined exhaust-pipe and lift-pipe withoutnecessitating an extension of the smoke-box.

The flue 7 is connected to and its upper end opens into a smoke-chamberll, of light sheet metal, which is located above the boiler in asubstantially horizontal position and is secured in any suitable manner,as by standards or flanges, or both, to the waist and smoke-box of' theboiler. The smoke-chamber 11 may be of any convenient and preferred formin transverse section and is made of greater transverse sectional areathan the flue 7, so as to facilitate the expansion of the gaseousproducts of combustion and the separation of the solid productstherefrom. The bottom of the chamber is downwardly inclined toward itsrear end, and the axis of the flue '7 upon entering the chamber isturned into a plane substantially parallel with that of the top of thechamber. A vertical exit flue or stack 12, extending to or about thelevel of the stack ordinarilyemployed, opens into the smoke-chamber 11near its forward end, and avenues for a reverse traverse of the productsof combustion from the flue 7, that is to say, first rearwardly and thenforwardly to the stack 12, are formed in the smoke-chamber by ahorizontal deflecting- ICO partition 13, which extends from its fronttoward its rear end above the flue 7 and is bent downwardly, or providedwith an inclined downward rear section 14. The lower edge of the section14 is located at a sufficient distance above the bottom of thesmokechamber and in advance of its rear end to aiford ample transversesectional area in the chamber for the gaseous products of combustiondischarged from the flue 7 to pass to the upper side of thedeflecting-partition and forwardly above it into the stack 12, throughwhich they escape freely.

The cinders and particles of uneonsumed fuel which pass out of the flue7 with the gaseous products of combustion are deflected to the bottom ofthe rear portion of the smokechamber by the inclined section let of thepartition and are, together with a portion of the gaseous products,thence led into the fire-box 1, to be consumed therein, by asparkconduit 15, (one or more, two being preferably employed, as shown,)extending from the bottom of the smoke-chamber, at or near its rear end,to a connection with the firebox 1 at any preferred level below thewaist of the boiler.

It will be seen that under my invention netting or perforated plate,which under different forms and in different locations eonstitutes anelement of all, or practically all, spark-arrestin g appliancesheretofore proposed or put in practice, is wholly dispensed with, andobstruction of draft is correspondingly avoided. By the return ofcinders and unoonsumed or partially-consumed particles of fuel to thefire-box not only is the projection of fire from the stack prevented,but the utilization of such solid matter as fuel is effected, thusmaking it a source of economy instead of danger and annoyance, as it nowis in a-very large proportion, if notin the majority, of theconstructions in actual service.

My improvement, while obviously not in any wise limited thereto, isspecially designed for service on locomotive-engines using lignite oranalogous low-grade fuel. Serious difficulty has heretofore beenencountered in the use of lignite by reason of fires 011 trains andadjacent to right of way, caused by ignited particles thrown from thestacks of engines, and the apparent impossibility of overcoming thisdifficulty with ordinary spark-arresting appliances has led in manycases to the employment of lighter trains than those within the maximumcapacity of engines. My improvement has, in actual service extendingover a period of several n1onths,demon strated that its applicationattains absolute freedom from emission of sparks at the stack or depositof solid matter in the front end or smokechamber, and that the steamingqualities of the engine are fully equal to those of others using ahigher grade of fuel and superior to those using lignite with theordinary appliances.

It will also be seen that the construction is one which is readilyapplicable to engines of all the standard types and does not involveinterference with or modification of any essential members orconditions.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. Thecombination, substantially as set forth, of a steam-boiler uptake ordischarge flue, a smoke-chamber connected therewith, adeflecting-partition extending longitudinally in said chamber, andturned downwardly at its rear end, the edge of which is located abovethe bottom of the chamber and forward of its rear end wall, aspark-conduit leading out of the lower rear portion of thesmoke-chamber, and an exit fine or stack adj acent to the opposite endof the smoke-chamher.

2. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a steam-boiler uptakeor discharge fine, a smoke-chamber connected therewith, adeflecting-partition by which a reversed traverse of products ofcombustion is effected in the smoke-chamber, a spark-conduit leadingfrom the smokechamber, in the direction of the initial traverse ofproducts of combustion therein, to a fire-box connection, and an exitflue or stack adjacent to the opposite end of the smoke-chamber.

3. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a steam-boiler, asmokechamber supported above said boiler, a rearwardly-inclined uptakeor discharge flue leading from the smoke-box of the boiler into thesmokechamber, an exhaust pipe having its discharge end substantially inaxial line with said flue, an interposed lift-pipe, a longitudinaldeflecting-partition in the smoke-chamber above said flue, aspark-conduit leading from the rear of the smoke chamber to a fireboxconnection, and an exit flue or stack leading from the forward portionof the smokechamber.

4. The combination, substantially as set forth, of a smokechamber,having a rearwardly and downwardly inclined bottom, adeflecting-partition extending longitudinally in said chamber, andhaving an inclined rear section, the lower edge of which is locatedabove the bottom of the chamber and forward of its rear end wall, anuptake or discharge flue opening into the smoke-chamber below thedeflectingpartition, a spark-conduit leading from the lower rear portionof the smokechamber to a fire-box connection, and an exit flue or stackleading from the forward portion of the smoke-chamber.

HENRY H. XVARNER. \Vitnesses:

G. J. WEISS, II. V. IIASKELL.

